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Channel Remapping
Channel remapping allows you to change:
the Order of channels on each analog spread
cable that connects to the Geode
reorder the Geode Boxes.
You would use this option if your cables were wired
opposite to the default Order normally used in
Geometrics wiring, if you wished to turn your line
around to have the low channels at the opposite end, or if your cables had a wiring error. Channel
remapping is also often necessary when using more that a single network cable.
Default cable wiring of Geometrics seismographs
Default Order is defined as the natural electrical Order in which channels are oriented when the
system first powers up before remapping. Refer to Section 3 under Connector Wiring that Discusses standard wiring configurations. You may have requested a custom wiring configuration
from Geometrics. If you are confused about your wiring, contact the factory and refer to the serial
number and job number.
Geode cables are typically wired in a ‘high-side
configuration’, meaning that the Geode connects closest
to the highest numbered channel on the analog cable. The
149
figure above shows this configuration for a single Box system, with 24 channels.
Multiple Geodes
The following Diagram shows a default single Digital line (one network card) system with 3
Geodes. Note that Geode one is always closest to the controller in a default configuration.
Multiple Network Lines
The next Diagram below shows a default configuration with two Digital lines (two network cards)
with the controller positioned in the middle. Line 1 is on the left and line 2 is on the right. One
might use two lines to increase data throughput to reduce time between shots. Like the
configuration above, the Geodes are numbered starting closest to the controller. The seismic
controller software labels all of the channels contiguously even though they are on two separate Digital lines. However, if the lines are collinear, the first line will have the channels Ordered
backwards. This can be easily rectified with the remapping feature.
There are two ways of remapping channels: automatic mode and manual mode. Automatic mode
settings are listed on the top of the remapping Dialog Box, and manual mode on the bottom.
Automatic Channel Remapping
Automatic channel remapping allows you to reverse
either the Order of the Geodes on the line, or reverse the Order of the channels on the spread cable.
The above Diagram shows the result after both channels and Geodes have been reversed,
renumbering the line so that low channels start on the left hand side and increase towards the
right. In the Dialog Box, the automatic remapping Boxes referencing line 2 remain unchecked,
since the default orientation on line two was correct.
Manual Channel Remapping
Channels can be remapped on an
individual basis using the Manual Map
Mode. Select the appropriate check Box,
and enter the Order in which you would
like the channels that Differs from the
default Order. You can specify individual
channels separated by a comma (1, 3, 4, 6
etc) or a range of channels (1-13, 24-14
etc).
For example, if you wanted the channels Ordered backwards on a 24-channel
system, you would enter 24-1. If you
wished to reverse the Order of channels 1-
12 in a 24 channel system, you would type
12-1, 13-24. Other examples are shown opposite, and are available by pressing the See Examples
button on the remapping menu.
I have attached the instructions that are sent with a new Order acknowledgment. (Installation and Transfer)
The license is assigned to a specific Registration ID once fully purchased. This ID can be assigned to a person (we like to know for our own records) if possible but not required and can be transferred to other PC’s as needed. The ID works like a softkey dongle. The software can be active on only one machine at a time.
I attached a simplified “Steps with windows_SI Transfer procedure that shows how the software can be moved. The PC must connected to the internet to affect the first part of the transfer (which removes the ID from the PC, making available for the next). Then to place the Reg ID on the next computer is just following the original registration process.
Do not lose the ID. Make sure that the ID has been removed before a Disc is reimaged or an employee leaves with the PC. If for some reason the Reg ID has to be reset, (computer Dies before the ID can be removed) I will require a statement and an end user then for my records.
I am available to Discuss if needed at the number below 0700-1500 PST.
Best,
RandL P RiveraCustomer Service Repair Supervisor+1 (408) 428-4254 (direct)+1 (408) 954-0522 (office)support@geometrics.com
Attachment : SeisImager_LicenseTransfer_Instructions_v1.2.pdf
Attachment : Steps with windows_SI Transfer.pdf
Attachment : SeisImager_Installation_Instructions_v7.6.pdf
I was doing a survey, and the tablet lost connection with the sensor, with no data being saved to the tablet. So I took the SD card of the sensor Box, hoping that the data was kept there at least as a backup before the survey ended and data was completely transferred to the tablet. But there is nothing on the SD card. It is empty instead of having a LOST.DIR folder that is also empty.So, my question is, what is the sensor Box SD card for?Second, is there a way to prevent tablet Disconnection from the sensor WIFI (which happens frequently) and backup data when this happens?
Geodes do have an option to have a factory installed oscillator board at extra cost that is used to test the electronics in the Geode. These are not normally installed for most of our users.
Users do have the option to run geophone tests using the standard equipped Geode Seismograph that can run line continuity and geophone tests. This can be accessed from the system->tests->Run Geophone/Line tests.
Oscillator boards are typically installed during purchase. Fewer than 5% of the customers purchase that option, that level of QC is typically not necessary. For more information please read the test Box manual. We no longer supply the Test Box to external customers.
A description of how to run the tests if you use the test Box or if you use the internal oscillators is described in Section 2.11.3.1 RUN INSTRUMENT TESTS (OPTIONAL ADD-ON FEATURE) of the manual. The latest standard Geode Operations Manual has more information.
You can run the tests outlined in the Geode Operations Manual to detect the bad geophones and spread cables.
If you require a calibration certificate for your Geode please consult our Support Note.
All Geophysical surveys require interpretation given limited understanding of the site, data from equipment, and ground truthing. Any interpretation provided is the best that can be provided according to the geophysical expertise and experience of the geophysicist.
The cables between the sensors and the MFAM module are flexible circuit boards, and the length is limited to 20 inches.
It is possible to remove the MFAM module from the Development kit Box and then reconnect it using a ribbon cable. That would allow you to extend the MFAM module and sensors away from the Dev Kit Box. Our engineers have tested it to 4 meters.
Below are some details about the ribbon cable.
The connector on the MFAM unit is Samtec FSH-110-04-F-DH. Its mating connector is Samtec SFMH-110-02-L-D-WT.
The easiest option for an extender cable between the MFAM and the Dev Kit is a pair of cable assemblies from Samtec www.samtec.com which has male/female mass terminate connectors put onto a ribbon cable. These connectors plug Directly into the MFAM I/O connector and also into the Development Kit. We are comfortable with lengths to 10 feet total. The samtec P/N for this cable is: FFMD-10-T-60.00-01-F-N
The ‘60.00’ number specifies the cable length in inches (which equals 5 feet). We have found that there is generally a 2-4 week lead, time since they are made to Order and not an off-the-shelf part.
(There is another solution as well if you want to make adapter boards at each end (Dev Kit and MFAM). The exact Samtec mates for the MFAM / Dev Kit connectors are made in PCB mount connectors only, so if you make simple small adapter board to adapt the samtec connector to another connector of your choice. We've done this with ExpressPCB which is fast and inexpensive. A board set from ExpressPCB is about $70 including shipping. Our Engineering Team has a design and parts list they can send you if you're interested in going this route.)
The time associated with each data point in a SEG-2 data file generated by a Geode is related to the time of the
“trigger” event which was instrumental in the production of the file and its content.
The Trigger Master and Trigger Distribution
The trigger event occurs at the Geode designated within the Controller software as the Trigger Master.
Although all Geodes are capable of being Trigger Masters, there must be one and only one Trigger Master in
any properly functioning Geode system. The Controller automatically takes care of this requirement when the
designation is made by a user, and when the system is established at the time of Controller start-up based on a
previous designation (or a default setting in the case of a “new survey”). All other Geodes in the system will
have their Trigger Master circuit Disabled. A trigger event can be initiated by an external electrical pulse
provided to the trigger input connector of the Trigger Master Geode, or by a command sent via Ethernet from
the Controller to the Trigger Master (usually for test purposes), but only when all conditions are satisfied to
allow data recording. There is also a special trigger initiation situation, called “self-triggering” which will not
be Discussed further here.
Upon acceptance of a trigger event, the Trigger Master will Distribute the trigger signal to all Geodes in the
system, itself included, via an RS-485 network that resides within the Digital interconnect cabling. (Proper
termination of this RS-485 network is automatically taken care of by the Controller.) The trigger signal is
propagated through the cabling and Geodes at the nominal speed of 70% of the speed of light, or approximately
2.1x10^8 m/sec. The maximum Distance of successful propagation depends on a number of factors such as the
number of Geodes involved, the noise environment, the quality of the cables, and the acceptable amount of
timing uncertainty for the particular application. Distances approaching or exceeding 1km should be given
careful attention in this regard. In a 3-D Geode system involving LTUs, each LTU, unlike a Geode, will
reconstruct the trigger signal before sending it on, effectively confining the maximum Distance issue to each
sub-network separated by LTUs. The penalty is an additional delay of about 100nS for each LTU in the route.
The External Trigger Circuit
The external trigger input is capacitively coupled, with a 2mS time constant, to the midpoint of a resistive
voltage Divider. The voltage Difference between the two ends of the Divider constitute a voltage "window",
which size is set by the trigger sensitivity parameter and can range from essentially zero at the highest
sensitivity, to about +/- 2.5V at the lowest sensitivity. The Geode will trigger (if enabled) if and when the
coupled signal exceeds the window, in either Direction (i.e., positive or negative going). The signal, after the
capacitor, is clamped by Diodes to the range between the trigger signal ground and +5VDC.
The trigger detector output is Disabled when the system is Disarmed, during a parameter change, and during a
shot, up to the trigger hold-off time after the end of the shot. The trigger hold-off time is a parameter set by the
user.
Preceding the coupling capacitor (i.e., essentially the node accessible at pin A of the external connector), there
is a 3.3K-Ohm pull-up resistor to +5VDC (relative to pin B). Also a fast transient suppressor clamps the input
at about +/-14VDC. It is advised that the DC + AC level of any voltage applied to pin A relative to pin B be
kept within the range of +/-7V, giving some margin of safety.
If a DC voltage somewhat less than +5VDC is applied when the connector is first mated, the instrument may
trigger at that moment. But, subsequently, because of the capacitive coupling, it will trigger on the next positive
or negative going pulse that exceeds the window level. If the duration of the applied voltage pulse is less than
the record length + delay time + hold-off time, then the Geode will effectively be ready to trigger on the same
edge of another similar pulse.
Sub-sample Synchronization
The Geode supports a sub-sample timing synchronization feature used for synchronizing the data acquisition
after a trigger event to the Distributed trigger signal, so that subsequent time points will be known to within 1/32
(~1/20 at the fastest two sampling rates) sample interval. It does this by increasing the sample interval at the
trigger time by 0 to 31/32 of a sample interval in increments of 1/32, so that the first sample after the trigger
would represent a time of one sample interval after the trigger event, with a tolerance within 1/32 of a sample
interval. The following samples continue from there at the expected intervals. For example, with a selected
sampling interval of ¼ mS and a recording delay of 0mS, the first sample in the recorded file for each channel
would represent data at 250 to 258uS after the trigger event.
This of course potentially introduces a small Discontinuity at the time of the trigger, observable depending on
the nature of the channel waveform(s). (The zero-phase anti-alias filter will smear the Discontinuity into the
nearby samples both before and after, consistent with the bandwidth of the filter.) Sub-sample synchronization
can be Disabled if it is deemed to be detrimental for the particular application, at the expense of losing the 1/32
interval timing accuracy.
Timing Errors
The principal errors in Geode timing are of two types: those associated with the trigger mechanism and which
are static over the duration of the record, and those associated with the time base and which change over the
duration of the record. Excluding the trigger propagation delay mentioned above, the trigger timing uncertainty
is about 1uS. The known fixed errors have been lumped together and are reported in the SEG-2 file trace
headers as channel SKEW. (The actual channel skew is zero, since all channels are effectively sampled
simultaneously, but the SKEW value in the header is used as the only place permitting small timing corrections.
Note that the SKEW value for every channel is identical.) If the size of this correction is important to the
application, the SKEW value should be added to the calculated time points when the data is being processed.
The Geode time base has a +/-15ppm stability over temperature (-20C to +70C) and component variations.
Thus time drift relative to absolute time and relative to other Geodes is possible. (However, all channels within
any Geode enclosure use the same time base, so there is no relative drift between channels in the same
enclosure.) Therefore timing uncertainty increases from that existing at the time of the trigger until the time of
the next trigger (or end of record).
Special Timing Issues Involved with “Continuous” Recording
“Continuous” recording is a method that allows unending 100% time coverage with recorded Geode data. It
produces a series of time-overlapped records created by the use of a negative time delay set equal to the record
length such that each record consists of completed history at the time of the trigger event. This technique
circumvents the problem of data transmission overrunning data acquisition. The principle constraint is that the
cycle time from trigger to trigger must always be less than the chosen record length. Otherwise, gaps rather
than overlap would result. Commonly it is used with GPSderived
triggering in Order to provide time-stamping of each trigger event.
Upon consideration of the above, it will become clear that the time-stamp associated with a particular trigger
event will pertain to the data in the following record, not to the data in the record in which the time-stamp is
written. This comes about because the trigger event ends the record.
Because there is data overlap between records, the precise trigger point in the following record at which the
time-stamp applies can be found by comparison of the data values at the end of the former record with those
near the beginning of the subsequent record. The overlapping data will be exactly identical in both records
(since they are read from the same memory location, twice). The earliest data in the subsequent record that
goes beyond the data of the previous record is the data that is one sample interval (assuming sub-sample
synchronization is enabled) past the time-stamp.
Note well that this comparison must be made independently for at least one channel of each 8-channel Geode
board set, because the Discrete time at which data values are written to the memory buffer, relative to the trigger
event, is a function of each individual board set in the Geode system.
Correct GPS Time-Stamping
There are Differences between various GPS models that can affect accurate time stamping. The 1PPS signal
from a GPS has a “timing edge” and return edge, of which only the former is the true whole-second edge.
Some models use a rising edge as the timing edge, some the falling edge, and some have it selectable. Consult
the GPS manual to determine the definition of its timing edge. As indicated earlier, the Geode can be triggered
on either a rising or falling edge. It is important to insure that the Geode is being triggered on the proper edge
in Order to avoid timing that may be a fraction of a second off. This is expanded upon below.
Some GPS units provide a very narrow timing pulse, others one that has a nearly 50/50 duty cycle. For the
narrow pulse units, almost certainly it is the leading edge (rising or falling) that is the “timing edge”. This case
can be easily handled by using the Geode Trigger Hold-off feature. If a 10-second cycle time is desired, set the
Trigger Hold-off time to about 9.5 seconds. In this case, there is a very small chance that the very first trigger
could occur on the wrong (trailing) edge, but from then on the leading edge will be used as the triggering edge.
If the GPS provides a 50/50 duty cycle edge, and it is not alterable, then the Geode by itself could as easily start
on the wrong edge as on the correct timing edge, and continue thusly until restarted. For this case, Geometrics
can provide a Trigger Timing Interface Box (TTIB) that will correct the situation. The TTIB can be
programmed to respond only to the correct edge (rising or falling), change the polarity if needed, and gate
through only one of every N 1PPS pulses, where N is programmable. (The TTIB also incorporates an alarm
system that can provide a remote alert if a record is missed.)
Another potential issue comes from the variations between GPS models of the time that the serial time string
(containing the time value of the associated 1PPS) is issued relative to the 1PPS itself. The Geode Controller
attempts to pick the correct serial string based on a calculation involving the known record length, the PC times,
and the trigger notification message from the Geodes. But if the GPS issues the serial string at an unusual time
(and the time has been seen to vary somewhat with a given GPS unit) then it could pick up the incorrect time,
off by 1 second. If rare, it can be subsequently detected and corrected during data processing, but if consistent
it may not be easily detected. Again, the TTIB can accommodate the situation by only gating through to the Controller PC the string belonging to the gated-through 1PPS pulse. The Controller Serial Input Time Window can then safely be widened to 2 seconds (assuming the
cycle time is more than 2 seconds) if need be, to expand the Controller’s search for the string around the calculated trigger time.
Thank you.
No, I am asking about the micro SD card on the Box board.
General information
The most common symptoms of intermittent connection issues are shown below: D_CY shows a background decay signal is either much higher than normal, and/or C_CY is a flat line (doesn’t decay).
Figure 1 Intermittent connection issue.
Where is the failure occurring?
The two most common places where intermittent issues occur are at the two ends of the Rx cable: the joint between the Rx cable and the Cart and the joint between the Rx cable and the EDA Box (orange Box).
Now we need to identify which joint has the intermittent issue.
Set up the MM2x2 in DAM mode.
Collect DAM data while keeping the Cart stationary but tapping one joint.
Collect another DAM data while tapping the other joint.
Analyze the DAM data by plotting the “Monostatic_5” for all 12 Rx channels in Geosoft. The channels having intermittent issues will appear much noisier.
If you have MatLab software, you can download the MatLab code to analyze the DAM data. Example plots are shown below. It is obvious that “ZA” channel has the intermittent issue in Figure 2 and “XB” channel is open in Figure 3 (very flat line, no noise at all). Click here to download the code:
Attachment : Intermittent_noise_full.zip
.
If both DAM and IVS data have the same problematic channel(s), we are confident that the intermittent issues observed in IVS data are repeated in DAM data, and by tapping at that location, we are able to identify the intermittent joint.
Figure 2 Intermittent "ZA" channel.
Figure 3 Open "XB" channel.
What to do next? Disconnect the problematic joint and clean the connectors on both sides thoroughly (using an acid brush and a can of compressed air). Reconnect and try the tapping method again. If the problem goes away (no more noisy channels), the intermittent issue is likely caused by dust.
If cleaning doesn’t fix the problem, swap out the Rx cable and repeat the tapping method. If the problem goes away, it is likely caused by a bad Rx cable.
If there is another set of EDA and Cart available, swap out the EDA and the Cart to identify the problematic part.
If not, use the tapping location to identify the problematic part.
Fill out the RMA form at .
If it is the Cart, send in the whole system for inspection/repair. You can contact Geometrics for MM2x2 rental if you need to continue your work during the down time.
If it is the EDA, we recommend sending in the EDA only. It will save your repair time since it is much faster to unpack/pack/ship the EDA than the whole system. You can contact Geometrics for EDA rental if you need to continue your work during the down time.
Warning
Please note that this tapping method should ONLY be tried when intermittent issues have been observed in IVS tests. It is NOT recommended to use it as a daily QC test because it does put extra stress on connectors and likely leads to a shortened connector lifetime if applied too often.
1. Hook up Geode in normal configuration to computer Ethernet Box.
2. Select Start New Survey.
3. Uncheck Line Tap.
4. Uncheck Aux.
5. Select YES to all pop up menus.
6. Locate lower left corner menu: Seismodule List Window.
7. Note what current loader version under LDVER column of table in Seismodule List Window. (Ex. 2.729)
8. In Order to change the LDVER, you must first set up the table in column F from N/A to X by doing the following:
9. Select System pull down menu from the upper task bar.
10. Select Test.
11. Select Update System Board Bios.
12. Select I Agree.
13. Select Browse.
14. To set up table to enable loader version update (LDVER) select the file: GEODEFOR3D-1.0.exe.
15. Select Open.
16. Select Start Burning.
17. Select Yes.
18. Cycle power or shut down controller by using the software.
19. Restart the Geode.
20. Repeat necessary steps to get to Seismodule List Window.
21. Verify value in column is now X.
22. Select System pull down menu from the upper task bar.
23. Select Test.
24. Select Update System Board Bios.
25. Select I Agree.
26. Select Browse.
27. Select from Flash Update File Flash3_703&2_42.exe.
28. Select Start Burning.
29. Select Yes.
30. Verify Power LED light on Geode now blinks 3 seconds on 1 second off.
31. Select OK.
32. Cycle power or shut down controller by using the software.
There are basically three types of "gold": low concentration Disseminated gold in ore, placer gold deposits and solid gold such as that associated with treasure. Magnetometers are used to find Disseminated gold by its association with mineralized zones which also contain magnetite or other magnetic minerals. Magnetometers are often used in conjunction with airborne electromagnetic surveys to find the conductive ore bodies. Placer gold is the type found in buried stream channels such as the gold which sparked the California gold-rush in 1849. Gold dust and magnetic minerals have been concentrated in river banks over thousands of years. Where there is gold there is often magnetite and therefore the magnetometer can be used to locate placer gold deposits. Gold treasure is a Different story and being non-magnetic gold, silver, and other precious minerals are not Directly detectable by the magnetometer.
The magnetometer can only detect ferrous (iron or steel) objects. If the gold is stored in an iron Box or has iron materials next to the gold (such as colonial ship ballast stones in the marine environment), there is the possibility of detecting the iron material. This is true for land and marine (sunken galleon) gold bullion. The vast majority of target search surveys are performed on a grid in a "lawn mower" back and forth manner to cover the area of interest. Lane spacing is dependent on target size (magnetic mass).
At a sensor to target Distance of 2 to 3 meters there will need to be at least 1-2 kilograms of iron. This can produce a 1-2 nT anomaly that is detectable in a magnetically clean environment. The ideal environment would be in a plowed farm field or the bottom of the ocean away from human activity i.e., away from a port or harbor. You will probably not be able to detect this small of an anomaly in a city or port location. The more iron mass there is, the better the chance of detecting it.
Training to use the magnetometer can take 1-2 days depending on experience with setting up computerized survey equipment and a GPS.
Processing the magnetic data requires several days of training and would require a geophysical background to interpret the final maps. We provide free software to make maps and estimate the target depth of burial (inversion). If you are unfamiliar with this procedure, we would recommend that you find a local geotechnical firm to look at the data to determine if there are anomalies that should be investigated further. Remembering that non-ferrous materials do not cause anomalies (gold, silver, copper, brass, aluminum, gems) you will be looking for anomalies either associated with the container OR associated with ground Disturbance (i.e., gravesite). In this way some anomalies can be detected where there has been an excavation such as a gravesite.
In Order to understand the process more fully, we strongly suggest that you download and read the Applications Manual for Portable Magnetometers. Other additional resources are available. Understanding how the magnetometer functions and how the earth’s field responds to Distortions due to ferrous materials will help you make good decisions about how to interpret and use the data to Direct recovery or exploration efforts.
Our cesium-vapor magnetometers do not require periodic calibration in Order to maintain the accuracy as described in our published specification when the instrument is operated within specified environmental ranges. Geometrics cesium-vapor magnetometers are manufactured and tested based on the Discoveries and the basic designs of Carian Associates (U.S. Patent 3,071,721). This method of total magnetic field measurement relies upon the measurement of the optical absorption of a particular cesium spectral frequency by the cesium vapor enclosed in a small glass cell. This method is similar to those used in the measurement of atomic emission and absorption frequencies using spectroscopic reference cells. The technique thus relies on well-known fundamental quantum mechanical constants for accurate and precise measurement of the magnetic field. As a result, no adjustments to the sensor are needed in Order to correct or maintain its accuracy and Geometrics sensor and sensor driver electronics are designed to either work correctly or to not work at all and to report both the strength of the magnetic field as well as the strength of the electrical signal produced by the working sensor. In this way, the signal strength measurement provides a Direct indication of the operational state of the magnetometer while it is running and serves to alert the operator if the magnetometer encounters environmental conditions that are outside of its operating range.
Occasional maintenance of the instrument at Geometrics facility should be performed when the instrument's internal Diagnostics indicate substandard performance as described in the operator's manual.
Please contact Geometrics Support for technical advice and additional information pertaining to your specific model.
@aldsantos I see. Please try it anyway next time in the field. Let us know if loss of connection still occurs after you have selected to stay connected to the G-864 WIFI. Thanks!
@aldsantos For the current version of the embedded software, some raw data was first stored in the microSD and then transferred to the tablet. Data logging stops once the WIFI connection is lost. In the future, if we have an easier way to access the microSD, we may use it as a backup.
Regarding the loss of connection, I was in the middle of the field, far away from internet/WIFI connection. Indeed, it stopped collecting data.
Regarding your SD card question, you must mean the USB drive, right? The drive is not for storing mag data but for running the embedded software.
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